Cutter-head.



Patented July 18, I899. s. .1. sumen. CUTTER HEAD. s umivn am m. 10,1399.)

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Ty: nnnms PETERS op PnoTo-1 m4o,, WASHINGTON n. c

Patented July 18, I899.

S. J. SHIMER.

CUTTER HEAD.

A nmim find. an, 10, 1399.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 (No Model.)

WITNESSES: M 6. aw

* UNITED STATES; {P TENT )rnics- SAMUEL J. SHIMER, OF MILTON,PENNSYLVANIA.

CUTTER-HEAD.

mammals forming part of Letters Patent No. 629,276, dated July 18, 1899;Application filed January 10,1899. an a. 701,769. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it mar concern: I v Be it known that I', SAMUEL J. SHIMER, acitizen of the United States, residing at Mil ton, in the county ofNorthumberland and State of Pennsylvania, have inventednew and usefulImprovements in Cutter-Heads, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to rotary cutter-heads The object of theinventionis to provide such cutter-heads with a' scale by which the degree ofexpansionof the movable section can be readily determined, so as to cuta wider or narrower groove, as the case may be.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination ofparts hereinafter fully described and claimed.

7 same.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis an elevation of a cutter-headprovided with my improved scale. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are similar views ofthe hub of the movable sec.- tion, theadjusting-ring, and retaining-nut,showing them looking from difierentpointsl' Fig. 5 is a centrallongitudinal sectionof the Fig. 6 is a plan view of the holdingnut. Inthe said drawings the reference-numeral 1 designates the lower sectionof an expanding cutter-head, provided with flanges 2, formed withbit-seats 3 to receive the bits i. This section is provided with ahnb'5," hav-. ing a screw-bolt 6 at the upper end provided with ajam-nut 7, and means for holding the retaining-nut hereinafterdescribedand preventing it from turning. however, form no part of thepresent invention and a detailed description is therefore not necessary.

The numeral 8 designates the upper section of the head, which is movablewith .respect to'the .lowers'ection' and is provided with flanges9,'formed'withbit seats 10 in the lower sidestof receive the bits 12.The said sections are provided with sleeves Y13 and coiled springs 14for expanding the same.

The hub of the inner or lower section is These art and in expandingformed with peripheral screw-threads 15,

there being sixteen to the inch. Fitting on i this hub is an adj ustingring 16, having corresponding threads by which the adj ustment of thetwo sections with respect to each other e is efiected. The adjacent endsof the hub of the upper section and the said ring are ser- 1 rated, asnsualin this class of heads. Above said ring and working on the hub ofthe said 1 lower section is a retaining-nut 17.

'The parts so far described may be of any ordinary or suitableconstruction.

The hub of the upper sectionis formed below the nut with a number ofperipheral concentric circles, each of which is divided into four equalparts and designated by suitable. characters, the upper circle beingdesignated bya 0 and by the numerals 1, 2, and

. 3, consecutively arranged. The next cirole is designated by thenumerals 4, 5, 6, and 7, consecutively arranged, and

the next clrcle'by the numerals 8, 9, l0, and 1 1, also similarlyarranged.

Above the said ringtheretaining-nut is formed with similar concentriccircles, also provided with consecutively-arranged nu- The adjListing-ring at the limit of its movementis formed with charactersnumbered l7,- which will be in coincidence with the ciphers on the huband retaining-nut when said ring is at the lower and upward limit of itsmovement The upper end of said retaining-nut on its upper side isprovided with four marks or characters 18 at equal distances apart. Thesaid hub and retaining-nut be- 'low and above the adjusting-ring areprovided with arrows pointing in opposite directions.

, Before proceeding to describe the manner of using the invention Iwould say that in the present instance the head shown is designed to beused in connection with either grooving ortonguing bits, Thegrooving-bits when morals, but which run in a reverse direction.

the head-sections are contracted to their limit but do not pass eachother, said sections the bits of one section move away from those of theother section, whereby the groove is enlarged; but

partly overlap,

the expansion is such that the cutting edges 7 are never far enoughapartto be out of horizontal alinement, but follow each other to cut thegroove. The bits of the uppersection cut the upper side of the grooveand the bits of the lower section cut the lower side. When tonguing bitsare used, they overlap and pass by each other, and the bits of the uppersection cut the lower side of the tongue, while the bits of the lowersection cut the upper.

side, being the reverse of that above described with respect to thegrooving-bits, so that when the sections are expanded the bits will bebrought nearer to each other, thus cutting a narrower tongue. Thisarrangement of the bits, however, is not essential to the operation ofthe invention, as the grooving-bits may be arranged to overlap eachother, so that in expanding they will cut a narrower groove, while thetonguing-bits can be arranged to cut a wider tongue when the sectionsare expanded. Again,two heads may be employed, one to cut the groove andthe other the tongue.

The manner of using the invention is as follows: The hub of thestationary section having threads on its periphery sixteen to the inchand the adjusting-ring being correspondingly threaded it follows that atevery quarterrevolution of the said ring the groove cut by the bits willbe one sixty-fourth of an inch wider or narrower, according to thedirection in which the ring is turned, and that a complete rotation ofthe ring will cause the groove cut to Vary one-sixteenth of an inch.Supposing now that the adjustable section is at its lowest limit and theretaining-nut also at the lowest limit, then the characters on the ringwill register with the cipher-marks on the hub and nut, as seen in Fig.1, and supposing, also, that the bits are seven thirtyseconds of an inchin thickness, so that the groove cut will be one-fourth of an inch wide,if the adjusting-ring be now turned one-quarter of a revolution to theright the sections will be expanded one sixty-fourth of an inch, makingthe groove cut one-fourth of an inch wide plus one sixty-fourth of aninch. The sections will be expanded one sixty-fourth of an inch eachquarter-revolution of the adjusting-rings, so that a complete revolutionwill give an expansion of four sixty-fourths of an inch, and fourrevolutions will give an expansion of one-quarter of an inch. The arrowon the retaining-nut indicates the direction the adjusting-ring is to beturned in expanding the cutters to cut a groove, while the arrow on thehub is to indicate the direction of the movement for cutting a tongue,because the groove bits or cutters work inside a groove, while thetongue bits or cutters Work outside the tongue, and hence the sectionmoves in the opposite direction inexpanding to cut an enlarged groove tothat in which it moves in cutting a tongue.

Should the expansion of the movable section be considerable, it may havegiven the groove cut an undesirable location within the edge of theboard. For readjustment of cut ter-head on the spindle to locate thegroove at the right place mechanically Without the use of a try-stand Imake the thread of the top screw to agree with the thread proportions inthe adjusting-ring and mark the head of the retaining-nut with fourequidistant characters and provide the top screw on the upper side ofits head with a double arrow to enable the operator to proportion his.adjustmcnts of the cutter-head up or down on the spindle by moving thetop screw to the right or left to agreewith adjustment made uponhead-sections. Forexample, the tongue and groove on opposite sides ofthe flooringstrips must be cut at same relative distance from the bed ofthe machine, which carries the board as it passes through between thecutter-heads. Say one-fourth of an inch is alloted to the under part ofthe tongue and groove, one-fourth of an inch to the tongue and grooveproper, and seven-sixteenths to the edge of the board above the tongueand groove. These two relative positions for the cutter-head are had byresting the top screw upon the top of the spindle within the cutterhead.Should it be necessary, however, to change the thickness of tongue andgroove to iive-sixteenths for anyportion of the flooring which is beingmade, loosen the set-screw so that the several sections of thecutter-heads have a free movement and turn the adjusting-ring on thetonguing-head one full turn around. On the groove-head, turn theadjusting-ring one full turn around in the opposite direction. Asspecified on the several heads, the tongue and groove cutters will nowbeset to cut five-sixteenths tongue and fivesixteenths groove, but bychanging for the tongue we have raised the under tongueforming bitone-sixteenth of an inch up,whicl1 will cut a face five-sixteenths of aninch below the tongue, instead of one-fourth of an inch, to which thelevels were first set. This makes it necessary to loosen the jam nutabout the top screw and turn the said top screw one turn around andfasten the jamnut. The cutter-heads will now be again adj usted to onelevel and will cut five-sixteenths tongue and groove.

From the above it will be seen that the workman or operator can readilydetermine at a glance the degree of adjustment to be given to theadjusting-ring to vary the distance between sections and can alsoreadily tell the exact width of the groove cut by simply noting thenumeral with which the characters on the adjusting-ring coincide andadding to the width of the cutter the degree of expansion indicated bysaidnumerals and characters.

It is not necessary that the hub-threads described should run sixteen tothe inch and the numerals and characters on the hub, retaining-nut, andadj Listing-ring should be arranged exaetly as illustrated; but I havefound the arrangement shown as the most convenient in use.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is- 1. As animproved article, an expanding IIO cutter-head comprising the twosections one of which is provided with a hub having a predeterminednumber of screw-threads to the inch, the movable section provided with ahub having its periphery divided by a series of consecutively-arrangednumerals into a number of equidistant parts, the correspondingly-threaded expanding-rim g provided with a peripheral mark adaptedto register with said numerals when said ring is rotated and theretaining-nut having an arrow or other character for indicating thedirection in which the adj usting-ring is to be turned for widening andnarrowing the groove, substantially as described.

2. As an improved article, an expanding cutter-head comprising the twosections one of which is provided with a hub having a predeterminednumber ofiscreW-threads to the inch and having on its periphery an arrowor othercharacter, the correspondingly-threaded adjusting-ring providedwith a peripheral mark, and the retaining-nut having its peripherydivided by a series of consecutivelyarranged numerals into anuxnber ofequidistant parts adapted to register with mark on the adjusting-ring,substantially as described.

3. In an expanding cutter-head, the comof consecutively-arrangednumerals similar 'to but running in the reverse direction to those ofthe hub of said movable section, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

4. In an expanding cutter-head, the combination with the retaining-nuthaving its upper end divided by a series of marks into a number ofequidistant parts, of the top screw, the head of which is marked on theupper side by a double arrow, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

SAMUEL J. SHIMER.

Witnesses:

W. H. BECK, r O. F. BALLIET.

